feat(SortVowels): add C# solution
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problems/2785-sort-vowels-in-a-string/README.md
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problems/2785-sort-vowels-in-a-string/README.md
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# [2785] Sort Vowels In A String
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## 題目資訊
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- **難度**: Medium
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- **標籤**: String, Sorting
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- **題目連結**: [LeetCode](https://leetcode.com/problems/sort-vowels-in-a-string/)
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- **練習日期**: 2025-09-11
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## 題目描述
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給定一個 0-indexed 的字串 s,重新排列 s 以獲得新字串 t,使得:
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所有子音保持在原來的位置
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母音必須按照 ASCII 值的非遞減順序排序
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更正式地說:
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如果存在索引 i,其中 0 <= i < s.length 且 s[i] 是子音,那麼 t[i] = s[i]
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對於索引對 i, j,其中 0 <= i < j < s.length 且 s[i] 和 s[j] 都是母音,那麼 t[i] 的 ASCII 值不能高於 t[j]
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母音定義: 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u' 以及它們的大寫形式
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## 解題思路
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### 初步分析
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- 這題主要考察什麼概念?
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這題主要考察字串處理和排序概念
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- 有什麼關鍵限制條件?
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- 預期時間/空間複雜度?
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O(n log k) / O(k),其中 n 為字串長度,k 為母音數量
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### 解法概述
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1. **解法**:
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- 思路:
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1. 遍歷字串,收集所有母音及其位置
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2. 對母音字符進行排序
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3. 將排序後的母音按原位置重新放回字串
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- 時間複雜度:O(n + k log k) 其中 n 是字串長度,k 是母音數量
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- 空間複雜度:O(k) 存儲母音字符和位置
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## 測試案例
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### 範例輸入輸出
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```
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Input: s = "lEetcOde"
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Output: "lEOtcede"
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Explanation:
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母音 'E', 'e', 'O', 'e' 排序後變成 'E', 'O', 'e', 'e'
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```
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### 邊界情況
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- `1 <= s.length <= 10^5`
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- `s` consists only of letters of the English alphabet in uppercase and lowercase.
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## 學習筆記
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### 今天學到什麼?
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-
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### 遇到的困難
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-
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### 改善方向
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-
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### 相關題目
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- [題目編號] 題目名稱 - 相似概念
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- [題目編號] 題目名稱 - 進階版本
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---
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**總結**: 這題的核心概念是...,適合練習...技巧。
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problems/2785-sort-vowels-in-a-string/csharp/Program.cs
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problems/2785-sort-vowels-in-a-string/csharp/Program.cs
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// LeetCode 2785: Sort Vowels In A String
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// 難度: Medium
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// 日期: 2025-09-11
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.Linq;
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public class Solution {
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public string SortVowels(string s) {
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// to char[]
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char[] sArray = s.ToCharArray();
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// get all vowels
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string vowels = "aeiouAEIOU";
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List<int> vowelPositions = new List<int>();
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List<char> vowelChars = new List<char>();
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for(int i = 0; i < sArray.Length; i++){
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if(vowels.Contains(sArray[i])){
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vowelPositions.Add(i);
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vowelChars.Add(sArray[i]);
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}
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}
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// sort all vowels
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vowelChars.Sort();
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// insert vowels
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for(var i = 0; i < vowelPositions.Count; i++){
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sArray[vowelPositions[i]] = vowelChars[i];
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}
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return new string(sArray);
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}
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}
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// 測試程式
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public class Program {
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public static void Main() {
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Solution sol = new Solution();
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// TODO: 加入測試案例
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TestCase1(sol);
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TestCase2(sol);
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TestCase3(sol);
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TestCase4(sol);
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TestCase5(sol);
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TestCase6(sol);
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TestCase7(sol);
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}
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// 基本範例 - LeetCode官方例子
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static void TestCase1(Solution sol) {
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var s = "lEetcOde";
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var result = sol.SortVowels(s);
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var expected = "lEOtcede";
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Console.WriteLine($"Test 1: Input: \"{s}\", Result: \"{result}\", Expected: \"{expected}\", Pass: {result == expected}");
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}
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// 只有子音 - 沒有母音的情況
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static void TestCase2(Solution sol) {
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var s = "lYmpH";
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var result = sol.SortVowels(s);
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var expected = "lYmpH";
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Console.WriteLine($"Test 2: Input: \"{s}\", Result: \"{result}\", Expected: \"{expected}\", Pass: {result == expected}");
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}
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// 只有母音 - 測試排序功能
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static void TestCase3(Solution sol) {
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var s = "aEiOu";
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var result = sol.SortVowels(s);
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var expected = "EOaiu";
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Console.WriteLine($"Test 3: Input: \"{s}\", Result: \"{result}\", Expected: \"{expected}\", Pass: {result == expected}");
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}
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// 混合大小寫母音
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static void TestCase4(Solution sol) {
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var s = "TestcasE";
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var result = sol.SortVowels(s);
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var expected = "TEstcase";
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Console.WriteLine($"Test 4: Input: \"{s}\", Result: \"{result}\", Expected: \"{expected}\", Pass: {result == expected}");
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}
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// 單一字元 - 邊界情況
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static void TestCase5(Solution sol) {
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var s = "a";
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var result = sol.SortVowels(s);
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var expected = "a";
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Console.WriteLine($"Test 5: Input: \"{s}\", Result: \"{result}\", Expected: \"{expected}\", Pass: {result == expected}");
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}
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// 重複母音
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static void TestCase6(Solution sol) {
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var s = "Aa";
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var result = sol.SortVowels(s);
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var expected = "Aa";
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Console.WriteLine($"Test 6: Input: \"{s}\", Result: \"{result}\", Expected: \"{expected}\", Pass: {result == expected}");
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}
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// 較長的字串測試
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static void TestCase7(Solution sol) {
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var s = "RaInBoW";
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var result = sol.SortVowels(s);
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var expected = "RIanBoW";
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Console.WriteLine($"Test 7: Input: \"{s}\", Result: \"{result}\", Expected: \"{expected}\", Pass: {result == expected}");
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}
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}
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problems/2785-sort-vowels-in-a-string/csharp/csharp.csproj
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problems/2785-sort-vowels-in-a-string/csharp/csharp.csproj
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
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<PropertyGroup>
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<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
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<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
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<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
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<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
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</PropertyGroup>
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</Project>
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